Pragmatic War Mod 5 Disc 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pragmatic War Mod 5 Disc 2 - Essay Example The election was followed the immediate secession of South Carolina on December 20, 1860. Other states that had the same perception of Carolina followed suit and these included Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas (James M. McPherson, 2009). The American’s perceptions at the time of the civil war were different as compared to what they think today. This is because the effects of the civil war made them change their minds about what is democracy and what is not. As much as the north wanted to free the slaves and end slavery, Lincoln had to go against democracy in order to succeed in his mission. The rights and freedoms of individuals and the press were suspended in order win the civil war. Democracy at that time was seen as an impediment to the success of this mission. The impact of suppressing democracy was both positive and negative as it led to the end of the slave trade which was positive but the rights and freedoms of individuals were neglected. After the war people began to advocate for democracy as lack of it had led to the suffering of many people (James M. McPherson, 2009). The impact was lasting as is evident today. There are many things that changed in the American way of life and have continued to promote democracy. America has been on the fore front advocating for the abolition of all forms of slave trade and campaigning for the respect of all humans. It has also gone way ahead by trying to advocate for democracy in foreign nations and this has been part of its foreign policies. There are established systems in the United States that promote citizen participation, the constitution recognizes the importance of freedom and therefore it has been extended from the human freedom to other areas including the press. Democracy at times is not also seen as good because some institutions till discriminate people, there is no equity and

Background of Chrysler Group LLC Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Background of Chrysler Group LLC - Term Paper Example Formed in 2009, the group has been able to develop very many makes of vehicles that have been a major hit in the automotive industry (Breer, 2009. 34). These cars include the jeep, Fiat, the Dodge. However, among all the vehicles produced by the company, Chrysler is the most reputable. The Chrysler from its initial years back was at a competitive level with other decent makes of cars from rival companies. The companies include General Motors known for its elegant Cadillac that has been able to survive market limitations and still performing well. The other rival company was Ford Motor Company (Rall, 2011). At that time, the company was known for its car, the Lincoln. Ever since the beginning of the competition, the companies have worked hard to outdo each other in the market. However, Chrysler has always managed to come up on top. Witnessed from the 2009 season when the economy was trending down, the car was able to sustain its sales levels while Ford and General Motors decreased the ir performance at a 4.5 and 3 percent margin. On November 4, 2009, the Chrysler group set out a road map or rather a plan that would ensure that the Chrysler increased its sales in the industry by a possible triple. The company had planned to achieve a break-even result for the Chrysler by the end of the financial year 2010. The company had also decided to attain a $1 billion net profit for the Chrysler. The company decided to do this by diversification of its markets. The plan has been on the right track. This is from the results from the financial year ending 2011. The general net income of the company was 212 million dollars for the third quarter of the year. Of the total amount that the company makes in a specified amount of time, the Chrysler contributes up to 65% of the income. Thus, from their financial report produced around January of 2012 showed that the Chrysler made 138 million dollars in sales (Walter, 2011). Further scrutiny of the reports shows that the company had 56 million dollars in net loss by the end of the financial period.

Probing Using Zenmap Gui

Probing Using Zenmap Gui Hackers traditionally follow a 5-step approach to seek out and destroy targeted hosts. The first step in performing an attack is to plan the attack by identifying your target and learning as much as possible about the target. Hackers traditionally perform an initial reconnaissance probing scan to identify IP hosts, open ports, and services enabled on servers and workstations. In this lab, students will plan an attack on 172.30.0.0/24 where the VM server farm resides. Using ZenMap GUI, students will then perform a Ping Scan or Quick Scan on the targeted IP subnetwork. Lab Assessment Questions Answers Name at least five applications and tools pre-loaded on the Windows 2003 Server Target VM (VM Name: WindowsTarget01) and identify whether that application starts as a service on the system or must be run manually? Lan routing Run manually Nat Run manually Vpn Start as a service Terminal services Start as a service Streaming server Run manually What was the DHCP allocated source IP host address for the Student VM, DHCP Server, and IP default gateway router? DHCP allocated the following IP addresses Source IP host address is 192.168.1.6 DHCP server address 192.168.1.1 Default gateway router address is 192.168.1.1 Did the targeted IP hosts respond to the ICMP echo-request packet with an ICMP echo-reply packet when you initiated the ping command at your DOS prompt? If yes, how many ICMP echo-request packets were sent back to the IP source? Yes, four ICMP echo-request packets sent when I initiate a ping command from the DOS prompt Details of these packets are as follows: Ping statistics for 192.168.1.6 Packets: sent=4, Received=4, Lost=0 (0% loss) Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum=0ms, Maximum=131ms, Average= 43ms If you ping the WindowsTarget01 VM server and the UbuntuTarget01 VM server, which fields in the ICMP echo-request / echo-replies vary? When I ping the WindowsTarget01 VM server and the UbuntuTarget01 VM server, ICMP echo-request / echo-replies of Windows Target01 VM server varies like 8ms, 131ms, 33ms and What is the command line syntax for running an Intense Scan with ZenMap on a target subnet of 172.30.0.0/24? nmap -T4 -A -v 192.30.0.0/24 Name at least 5 different scans that may be performed from the ZenMap GUI and document under what circumstances you would choose to run those particular scans. Intense Scan: Command = nmap -T4 -A -v Intense Scan is to comprehensive scan the network and all the computers in the network. The benefit is that you can check all the vulnerabilities in the network where you are connected with. Ping scan Command = nmap -sn Ping scan only finds either target/targets are up or not. It does not scan the ports of that particular target/targets. Quick scan Command = nmap -T4 -F It is faster than the normal scan because it scans the fewer ports and uses the aggressive timing template Quick scan plus Command = nmap -sV -T4 -O -F version-light It detects the Operating system as well as the version of OS. Quick traceroute Command = nmap -sn traceroute It does not do the port scanning it just find the intermediate hops where from you can connect with the computer. Regular scan Command = nmap A basic port scan with no extra options. How many different tests (i.e., scripts) did your Intense Scan definition perform? List them all after reviewing the scan report. It performs the following tests: Port Scanning OS detection Version detection Network Distance TCP sequence prediction Trace route Describe what each of these tests or scripts performs within the ZenMap GUI (Nmap) scan report. Port Scanning: A port scan is mostly what its name suggests, a scan of all the ports open upon a system. The way a port-scanner typically works is to attempt to connect to each port upon a host, in turn, and then report the results. For example a scanner could connect to: port 1 to see if tcpmux is running. port 7 to see if echo is running. port 22 to see if openssh is available. port 25 to see if smtp is available. OS Detection: One of Nmaps best-known features is remote OS detection using TCP/IP stack fingerprinting. Nmap sends a series of TCP and UDP packets to the remote host and examines practically every bit in the responses. Version Detection: Two important fields that version detection can discover are operating system and device type. These are also reported on the Service Info line. We use two techniques here. One is application exclusivity. If we identify a service as Microsoft Exchange, we know the operating system is Windows since Exchange doesnt run on anything else. The other technique is to persuade more portable applications to divulge the platform information. Many servers (especially web servers) require very little coaxing. This type of OS detection is intended to complement Nmaps OS detection system (-O) and can sometimes report differing results. For example, consider a Microsoft Exchange server hidden behind a port-forwarding UNIX firewall. Network Distance: It detects how many hops are involved in the way to reach to the targeted computer. TCP sequence prediction: Nmap sends a couple of resets first to the open port, then sends six packets with just SYN set (the normal method for opening a TCP connection), followed each time with a reset (a TCP header with reset and ACK flags set, which aborts the connection). The sequence numbers in packets sent increase incrementally by one each time; this is abnormal behavior but is characteristic of sequence number collectors. Nmap collects the initial sequence numbers received from the target and looks for a pattern in the way they are incremented. This is called a TCP sequence prediction. Traceroute: Nmap does not perform a full trace to every host, so necessarily it must make assumptions about the hops that it has not probed. The first and most fundamental of these is that, in tracing a host, we find an intermediate hop that has already been seen in tracing another host, we may assume that it and all it parents hops are shared between the two hosts. How many total IP hosts (not counting Cisco device interfaces) did ZenMap GUI (Nmap) find on the network? Two (2) up hosts are found in my network. Based on your Nmap scan results and initial reconnaissance probing, what next steps would you perform on the VM server farm and VM workstation targets? In Nmap scanning weve been find the vulnerabilities of network or targeted computer. After the reconnaissance weve to check where weve to enter into the computer for the specific purpose i.e. if we want to check the web services on the targeted computer then weve to enter form the port 80.

Demetrius in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay -- Midsumme

The Importance of Demetrius  in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night's Dream The character, Demetrius, in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night's Dream, is very difficult to identify except by his relation to the one he loves, or, more particularly, to the one who loves him. Helena's ridiculous chasing after him and his irritation with her are the primary marks of his character. While in this state, he even begins to threaten Helena with bodily harm, coming off as not quite the gracious courtly lover he truly means to be. It's simple to discover his unchivalrous character by how easily his eye was distracted from Helena by Hermia in the beginning. He could be a gentle, loving man if he truly desired, but he takes satisfaction being put in his place by others. In the end, still under the spell of fairy magic and therefore not seeing with true eyes, he seems a bit imbecilic laughing at the acted "lovers" in the play. He doesn't realize it, but he is in a play of his own. Likewise, as with the other characters, what happens to him is far more interesting than t he sort of character he is.   Shakespeare portrays the character, Demetrius, throughout the play as lacking self-confidence, rude, violent, lacking individuality and unromantic. Since Demetrius only has two lines throughout the entire first act, it shows that he can't stand up for himself, likewise, this lack of speech displays his lack of self-confidence and image: â€Å"Relent, sweet Hermia, and, Lysander, yield Thy crazed title to my certain right† (Demetrius, 1.1.93-94). Demetrius believes that since he has Egeus' approval, that Hermia should relinquish to him and states that Lysander is going against his privilege.   Demetrius takes advantage of his stature by claiming Hermia as a r... ...nsformation are all experienced by Demetrius to a great extent, especially with his lovers and enemies. His vile, yet sensitive personality really kept the reader examining what he could change into next, which seems as if they were more than just a single character. Demetrius, as a character, is essential to the play, for a backbone and plot. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When quoting, you need to use quotation marks around the quotes unless you are separating the quote from you text by indenting each line.   Also, the final punctuation should come not inside the quotation marks but after the parentheses.   If you are using other sources it is very important that you put in parentheses the name of the author and the page number on which the quote can be found.   Also, if you are using other sources you should really, truly use a works cited so that others can find that same source.   

Conditional Love †How to Love Essay

Do you feel the sting of being rejected? Do your closest friends and even family push you away or mistreat you? I think that every emotionally healthy person wants to love and to be loved. We want people to love us as we are. We want to feel accepted no matter what we may say or do. When we make a mistake, we want to be forgiven and we don’t want to experience rejection. We want to be loved unconditionally. A problem comes though when we do not reciprocate unconditional love. For example, there will never be real love expressed between two people if both individuals are seeking to have their needs met. How can two people make a relationship work if both define love as, â€Å"if you love me then you will do what I want†? There is only one person who can truly love unconditionally. His name is Jesus. See, God is perfect and demands perfection from us. But, we all have fallen short of living a perfect life and that is called sin. The penalty for sin is death. But, this penalty is too great for us to pay! The Bible says that God demonstrated themeaning of love to us in this that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Jesus laid down His life for us as the ultimate act of unconditional love. He accepts us for who we are, for what we have done, and even for what we have neglected to do. But, now He is asking us to accept Him unconditionally as well. He wants us to accept His love by giving to Him our heart, mind, soul, and strength. He wants all of us. When we give ourselves over completely to Jesus then we are â€Å"fully known, fully accepted, fully loved, fully valued, and fully celebrated.† Jesus will never leave you, quit on you, belittle you, or even condemn you. Did you know that the Bible says that Jesus did not come into the world to condemn the world but to save the world? He came to show you what love is. Once we experience His love, we must step forward quickly to embrace it. The Bible provides an excellent description of unconditional love and gives us a pattern to follow. What is real love? Here is an example, â€Å"Love is patient, love is kind and is not jealous; love does not brag and is not arrogant, †¦ Love rejoices with the truth. Love believes and endures all things. Love never fails.† The longing of your heart to be loved unconditionally can be fulfilled only through Jesus Christ. You must admit your sin, believe in Jesus, and follow His ways. If you do, you will experience unconditional love. Once you have experienced love unconditionally, you are then able to know how to love as well.

Analysis on the function of Total Domain Awareness Essay

Thesis Statement The raging mount of terrorism and other sort of violence has been considered as a major plague in the country (Scott-Donelan).   Consequently, the dilemma caused by the aforementioned perspectives has caught the attention of the government, mandating those who were perceivably obliged for the eradication of such predicament lead to an echelon of initiatives which apparently falls on the bounds of taxing and various technological innovations.   Hence, the most debated issue belying the arena of controversy in such regard is the commencement of â€Å"Total Domain Awareness†. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the light of thoroughly understanding the essence and the purpose of â€Å"Total Domain Awareness† shall be sought through the enlightenment of the factors which triggered the birth of the subject under study.   Moreover, the sagacity of what seemingly signifies the importance of TDA is traced in the history by which it presupposes as well as the key players implementing the perception of TDA. Furthermore, since it had been stressed that TDA is a manifestation of the immediate response of the government towards the plagues which is bugging the country, it is fair enough to dwell on the arena of the dynamics affecting on the whole picture of its purpose then later tackling the potency of the application through a critical analysis on institutions or organizations (Shahbazian, Rogova and Valin) which settle their activities with the help of TDA. Background of TDA   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the benefit of the internalization of the term, it is best to dig deep in the definition of each word of the phrase; Total – domain — and awareness[1].   In the field of technology and incident monitoring, it is termed as the core treatment in obliterating and decreasing the prevalence of uncontrollable ‘criminals’ or law offenders through the attachment of a technological device in a certain â€Å"unit† for the purpose of speedy tracking (Ziman). Total Domain Awareness is a form of ‘government approach’ with the use of a device to serve as â€Å"spy† in the activities of those inhabiting the territory upon which the device has been attached.; thus, tracing all the possible locations (domain) of the person through the use of a ‘portal based environment’.   The cited pioneer key player of the said technological device is the popular Lockheed Martin Corporation[2], in collaboration with NAFTA. Issues giving birth to TDA   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As established in the agreement of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the main purpose of the organization is to serve as the vanguard in lashing the private and public sectors of the state to collaborate together in uplifting the array of importance of business in the national and international trade arena, delight of transportation, assurance of security and other environmental concerns.   However, since that any state is inevitable to have dilemmas caused by a vortex of uncontrollable reasons hence the only means to expunge the said quandary of crisis is to impose and implement measures and innovations to lessen the possibility of its occurrence. Terrorism challenging the government Terrorism has been one of the most debated issues in contemporary times, spawning huge concerns both globally and locally. The weight of such concern is drawn from the fact that terrorism has brought fear to the lives of many, quite apart from the fact that it has destroyed the lives of thousands of innocent civilians. Its long term effects can also be equally devastating, if not more, noting that the world market and individual economies of countries are, to a certain extent, affected by terrorist activities. Even the mere â€Å"presence† of terrorists is enough to spoil the budding hopes of nations seeking peace amidst the growing face of danger. However, the basis for the growing concern over the fear harbored from the dregs of what we call â€Å"terrorism† is yet to be resolved. The reason to this rests on the fact that there is no single definition of terrorism, one that is universal and transcends the differences in ethnicity, culture, religion and political background to name a few. For the most part, terrorism is held as a form of activity, usually through violent measures, in achieving a certain type of goal where the orientation of the â€Å"agents† of terrorism are inclined to sacrifice themselves for the realization of a given mission. Consequently, the objectives being pursued by terrorists can also be drawn out from a set of ideologies that border on several concerns, the widely-known types of which are either from an ethno-religious context or from a political environment. What sets terrorism apart from any other form of activity engaged upon by individuals or a group of individuals relatively operating from a wide scope to a specified area is the basic fact that terrorism is an organized activity. However, terrorism is not only an organized form of activity. It is also founded on principles that serve as the guiding tenet for these organized activities, the means of which settle from the most violent down to the crude installment of fear in the lives of civilians or certain groups of individuals. On the contrary horizon of countering terrorism is still vague as of the time being because US means of realizing the annihilation of terrorism is not transparent in its genuine cause. President Bush’s tactics are always under scrutiny because of its failure in providing hard facts or concrete ways of waging anti-terrorism to another counter (Scott-Donelan). For example the case of Iraq, in which he endorsed that this country obtains weapons of mass destruction, thus he wage war in Iraq. In the end, there’s no single evidence of such weapon. Countering terrorism is a must but sometimes the vagueness of how it would be done is also dangerous because a given country that is suspected of terrorism is vulnerable to jeopardizing consequences.   How technology shall serve of help in eradicating the crap of terrorism is still at stake. Violence caused by Mass Media   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The presence of mass media as a tool of communication has increased largely because of the technological innovations consistently being introduced not only in advancing the productivity rate of media organizations but also in expanding the capacity of the various media outlets to include a wider range of topics (Hudson). With this expansion, the subjects incorporated into the mass media has also been augmented (Graber) such that former topics that were once rarely untouched have now been constantly infused with unceasing publicity such as those that tackle Information and Communications Technology (ICT). The level of morality of individuals are conceived to be one by which their respective behavior are dependently being implied to.   With regard to behavioral psychology, it had been stressed that an individual’s personality is the manifestation of the influences which one had been able to acquire all throughout his childhood carried until adulthood (Wright). Americans’ somewhat insatiable appetite for violence had been depicted and described in the violence saturate of their culture.   Ã‚  In an article written by Lillian BeVier, she elaborated various examples on how media had taken a huge part on violence in today’s generation. Her findings led her to an echelon of realistic and obvious results such as: songs urging to rape women, killing police officers, committing suicide, and all other heinous crimes which are said to be the message conveyed by some songs (â€Å"The National Entertainment State†; Niemeyer). However, the issue of violence being a triggering factor for such violence were not thoroughly given substantial evidence with regards to the exposure on media, she had clearly emphasized that there is a need for the government, the Congress, the Federal Trade Commission, nor any state legislature to provide the discretionary and lawful measures as having to be given the power to legislate such constraints to avoid producers or purveyors commit such insatiable mistakes on the field of media communication. Analysis and Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the given issues above, it is evident that the wrath of violence in the contemporary society is outrageously uncontrollable.   Given with such statement, it may be taken to assumption that the government is desperate in looking for ways to control the rising number of violence and crime counts in the country that they tend to jump in the valley of initiatives.   Trying to apply any sort of application which they ought to believe is feasible enough to help the law enforcers in incarcerating those who has affronted the law and thus needs jurisprudence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In essence, the organizations such as NASCO[3], NAFTA and Lockheed Martin had been cited as the catalysts of the so-called â€Å"Orwellian Nightmare† technology aimed for the purpose of security among the inhabitants of the country through the form of a device which possesses the ability to keep in track of the â€Å"location† of any form – it has the capability of gathering, correlating, and interpreting fragments of multi-source entities such as Radar, AIS, & GPS tracks, Open Source, Intelligence, Watch list & Law Enforcement Report, CCTV, Bioterrorism sensors.   Hence, gathering together all data into one collaborative portal-based environment in an automated scheme (Hansen and JonesReport).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In further deliberation of TDA, it is evident that its purpose is mainly for â€Å"tracking†.   A deeper forethought on TDA shall lead to the discussion of two assumptions: for terrorism reasons, and for the government to have a â€Å"sensor† on all the modes of transportation in the country (Corsi). Consequently, the efficiency of the new technology is still fresh in the ocean of controversy since that critics somehow perceive the idea of its implementation as rather a form of ‘fraud’ from the government, nevertheless, an income-generating machinery which is not considered as an â€Å"A† list in the needs and understanding of many. Incident Monitoring In collaboration with the issues raised above, a critical comprehension of the main purpose and essence of TDA in the society is explicitly rendered by the government as that which will â€Å"help† in monitoring incidents (Strandburg and Raicu).   Perhaps, the government is apparently stating the extrinsic evidence and apprehension of the definition of TDA.   Taking the brighter side of its establishment would lead to an illustration of necessity indeed (Hansen and JonesReport).   Yet, the question on its real intent is undeniably questionable in the internalization of those whom has gone way beyond the shallowness of ‘plainly’ understanding. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In reality, TDA lends a hand to the masses especially during emergent incidents, in view of the fact that it has the ability to ‘track’ the location, then those who are vested with the obligation to respond to the immediate call for help will not have a hard time in searching for the site where the incident took place.   In addition to that, cases such as kidnapping and car napping will not be a weight to law enforcers in getting to the culprits (Ziman).   With the aforementioned device, it will be easier to track the robbers and all the other sort of goons floating in the scenery. In the case of taxing, â€Å"run-away debtors† will be locked in the most abrupt time since that they shall be easily tracked in the hastiest method of confinement.   Like what is often seen on ‘detective’ inclined movies, the world will be a serene and ideal place to live in, at least for a certain shape (Paul).   Less criminals – everyone shall be spied, and so all must be careful in their actions – quite a paradise in assertion.   Yet, the outnumbering refutes to the â€Å"real† purpose of the government still remains laid on the table. Works Cited Corsi, Jerome R. â€Å"Bush Administration Quietly Plans Nafta Super Highway.† Human Events, 2006. Graber, Doris A. â€Å"Mass Media and American Politics.† Political Science Quarterly 95.4 (1980): 701. Hansen, Nathan M., and JonesReport. â€Å"Nasco, Lockheed Martin, & ‘Total Domain Awareness’: Lockheed Martin’s Plan to Tax and Track All Modes of Transportation in North America.† Jones Report, 2007. Hudson, Heather. â€Å"New Communications Technologies: Policy Issues for the Developing World.† International Political Science Review 7.3 (1986): 334. â€Å"The National Entertainment State.† National Review, 2006. 13-30. Vol. 283. Niemeyer, Gerhart. â€Å"Sex and Violence.† National Review 27.29 (1975): 834. Paul, Ron. â€Å"The Nafta Superhighway.† Texas Straight Talk, 2006. Scott-Donelan, David. Tactical Tracking Operations. Colorado: Paladin Press, 1998. Shahbazian, E., G. Rogova, and P. Valin. Data Fusion for Situation Monitoring, Incident Detection, Alert and Response Management. Washington: IOS Press, 2005. Strandburg, Katherine, and Daniela Stan Raicu. Privacy and Technologies of Identity: A Cross-Disciplinary Conversation. 1 ed. New York: Springer, 2005. Wright, Peter. â€Å"Factors Affecting Cognitive Resistance to Advertising.† The Journal of Consumer Research 2.1 (1975): 6. Ziman, John. Technological Innovation as an Evolutionary Process. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. [1] Definition: Total – A whole quantity; an entirety.   Domain (law) – The land of one with paramount title and absolute ownership.   Awareness – The state of being fully conscious of pertinent stimuli and really experiencing a task or situation. [2] Lockheed Martin is a leading multinational aerospace manufacturer and advanced technology company.   Aside from that, the company is also considered as the world’s largest defense contractor (by revenue). As of 2005, 95% of Lockheed Martin’s revenues came from the United States Department of Defense, other U.S. federal government agencies, and foreign military customers. See http://www.lockheedmartin.com for more information and data on the company’s goals and objectives. [3] The National Association of Security Companies (NASCO) is the nation’s principal contract security trade association.   NASCO is leading efforts to set beneficial fundamentals for the private protection industry and security officers by monitoring state and federal legislation and measures affecting the quality and efficiency of private security entities.   See http://www.nasco.org for more information.

Free Essays on Family Integration And Children’s Self-Esteem

In the article Family Integration and Children’s Self-Esteem, the authors hypothesize that children and their development of self will benefit from the integration of their parents into the family. In the article, the authors attempt to â€Å"examine the impact of the family as a form of social organization on children’s self-esteem†. They begin by describing what they believe to be the two ideal types of family life. The highest level of the family mode of organization is when all of the individual’s social life is organized around the family. This includes production, resources, recreation, education, protection, associates, and all other social activities and relationships. The second mode of organization is the non-family mode. This is where all of an individual’s social activities are organized around non-family units. These units can be businesses, schools, and governmental agencies. The author’s explain that they understand that no one family’s organization matches either of these modes, however, most fall somewhere between the two. The authors quote Coopersmith by saying that â€Å"Self-Esteem is generally conceptualized as the central evaluative component of the self, and it reflects the extent to which individuals believe they are worthwhile and merit respect†. This means that the amount of Self-Esteem an individual possesses reflects upon their own definition of themselves as well as their interpretation of how others judge them. One of the empirical predictions that is stated in the article is that parental activities within the home can lead to increased Self-Esteem in the children. These activities include family eating, playing games together, helping with homework, and encouraging creative activities such as arts and crafts. Some affects of these activities on children may lead to the realization that they are needed and valued by their parents. The data for the analysis came from a panel ... Free Essays on Family Integration And Children’s Self-Esteem Free Essays on Family Integration And Children’s Self-Esteem In the article Family Integration and Children’s Self-Esteem, the authors hypothesize that children and their development of self will benefit from the integration of their parents into the family. In the article, the authors attempt to â€Å"examine the impact of the family as a form of social organization on children’s self-esteem†. They begin by describing what they believe to be the two ideal types of family life. The highest level of the family mode of organization is when all of the individual’s social life is organized around the family. This includes production, resources, recreation, education, protection, associates, and all other social activities and relationships. The second mode of organization is the non-family mode. This is where all of an individual’s social activities are organized around non-family units. These units can be businesses, schools, and governmental agencies. The author’s explain that they understand that no one family’s organization matches either of these modes, however, most fall somewhere between the two. The authors quote Coopersmith by saying that â€Å"Self-Esteem is generally conceptualized as the central evaluative component of the self, and it reflects the extent to which individuals believe they are worthwhile and merit respect†. This means that the amount of Self-Esteem an individual possesses reflects upon their own definition of themselves as well as their interpretation of how others judge them. One of the empirical predictions that is stated in the article is that parental activities within the home can lead to increased Self-Esteem in the children. These activities include family eating, playing games together, helping with homework, and encouraging creative activities such as arts and crafts. Some affects of these activities on children may lead to the realization that they are needed and valued by their parents. The data for the analysis came from a panel ...

Mythical Analysis - Beloved essays

Mythical Analysis - Beloved essays The focus of this paper is to examine the mythical aspects of Beloved (Morrison, 1987), with the center point of the book focusing on the fact this is an excellent example of a good myth where as it provides evidence to the reader that one who focuses on the past cannot live in the present. Morrison uses the brutal slaying of an innocent child and a woman who is haunted by her past as a slave and as a murderer to point this good myth theory out to the reading audience. This essay will make specific examples and prove the good myth analysis in reference to Beloved. This novel begins in the middle of the story with the statement 124 was spiteful (Morrison, 1987, p. 3). This declaration prepares the reader for a long road ahead with a woman, Sethe, who is unwilling to move ahead in her life. . Throughout the novel, the author takes the reader back and then forward throughout the central characters history and present, almost as if she were attempting to prevent the reader from staying in the present, maybe forcing the reader to live in Sethes past with her. The mythical aspect of this novel is a good one. This novel makes a clear and concise case that when one lives in the past; it makes it difficult to thrive in the present, and virtually impossible to have a future at all. Sethe arrived at Sweet Home, the plantation where she was enslaved, when she was thirteen years old, the only girl amongst five male slaves. After a year on the plantation Sethe chose her mate. Halle, Sethes husband, was one of five brothers known as the Sweet Home men: Paul D Garner, Paul F Garner, Paul A Garner, Halle Suggs, and Sixo, the wild man (Morrison, 1987, p. 11). Pregnant every year including the year she sat by the fire telling him she was going to run (Morrison, 1987, p. 9). She had four chil ...

Assignment #2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

#2 - Assignment Example In addition, they structure human perception in a religious, political and personal level. Advancements in technology and globalization in the present century have intensified the changes in public viewpoints. In the main, matters pertaining to facts, uprightness, and even holiness are argued out based on conflicting religious, chauvinistic, cultural and ideological narrations. Barry Levinsons â€Å"Wag the Dog† is a petrifying political satire that is both worryingly conceivable and swift, side-splitting and endearingly mouth-watering. There is a media bombardment that accompanies any present-day international predicament. In the movie, it is clearly evidenced how easy it is to concoct public agitation and the dubiousness that accompanies the intentions. Levinsons movie is a satire of how reality can be altered to serve certain interest and produce a public perception. Stories are created and some cooked up with an aim of deceiving the press and influencing human reasoning. For instance, a representation of a smart bomb disintegrating into an Iraqi smokestack imprisons the nations imaginings to a point that their opinion on the government or the Iraq inhabitants changes. After watching the movie, one finds it hard to trust any information from any media outlet. The story evidences that human opinion is undeniably controlled by the office-bearers fo r their own personal interests. Joan Didion’s â€Å"Fixed Ideas† explores the government’s efforts to construct an imperial America based on the 9/11 assaults by extremists. This has largely created a disconnection among Americans who now hold varied opinions. As a result, the society demonizes personalities who do not uphold their standpoint or present dissimilar viewpoints. Didion prods into the logic and hidden agendas of the policymakers on matters concerning warfare. The narrative ideology is evident in the way the State House presents

In past centuries work was often despised. why Assignment

In past centuries work was often despised. why - Assignment Example This theory has been explained by Douglas McGregor and is known as the theory X. This theory was published in 1960 in his book. According to this theory, all the employees are lazy, lethargic and sluggish. They do not have any ambition. They are not willing to work late hours and will never give a good output until they are severely treated. Or in the other case the mangers should make some sort of an agreement with them that if they complete a certain task they will be given so and so reward. The employer is believed to have no interest in the organizational goals and avoids doing work. He is selfish and self-centered, and is not willing to take responsibilities and take initiatives. The sole purpose of his doing the job is for money and getting security (Clark, 1995). These were the assumptions of the mangers, not the actual behavior. If theory X is considered we can see that it is based on extremism that is getting the job done either by implicit threats, and tight controls or be lenient and listen to the employee. Both of these approaches will result in low productivity and low output, for the former case the employers will deliberately produce lower outputs, and for the latter the demands of the employers will never end resulting in an ever decreasing work output. Therefore both of the approaches failed to increase efficiency and a new theory was introduced- theory Y (Chapman, 2010). This theory is quiet an optimistic one. According to this theory the managers assume that all the employers are lively, keen and interested in doing the work. They are ready to take responsibility of different works and are ready to take initiatives. They are interested in the progress of the organization. The people will complete tasks on their own without having any strict supervision and control because the employers are self-motivated and have made the goals of the company their motives and will

Performance of Mythic Oil Le Parfum and for it Coursework

Performance of Mythic Oil Le Parfum and for it - Coursework Example This research will begin with the statement that for companies to sustain in the current global scenario, it has become necessary to focus on aggressive innovation strategies, as it would permit constant extension to the product lines and help preserve brand image to retain competitive advantages. As Porter & Kramer notes, in today’s capitalist market, producing shared values for stakeholders through innovative strategies is too necessary for organizations to ensure their long-term success. This particular trend has already influenced many organizations around the world, including Unilever, Nestle, Johnson & Johnson, and many others. As a matter of fact, indeed, product innovation is quite easily associable with the brand name of The LOrà ©al Group. Almost every year, the company launches new products as per the review of the market changes, which reflects the current consumer demands and preferences. It is thus that the company obtains competitive advantages by serving the c ustomers’ needs through continuous product innovation. It was in the year 2013 that the company launched a new range of products for its global customers, targeting both men and women. Among the newly launched products, one was the Mythic Oil Le Parfum, which has gained much appreciation since its launch in 2013. In the discussion henceforth, emphasis will be laid on the performance of the product selected, i.e. Mythic Oil Le Parfum since its launch. Special emphasis will also be delivered to identify the drivers’ responsibilities to trigger such performance of product along with its challenges applying theories relevant to the context. The objective of the discussion is thus to evaluate the performance of the product chosen and identify the reasons for its success in the global market after its launch. There is a wide-ranging product line introduced by L’Oreal in the global market targeting its male and female customers. Every year the brand intends to extend i ts product line with the introduction of new products as per the market preferences, needs, and trends. Therefore, it can be stated that the company emphasizes continuous innovation in its product line to enhance its competitive position.

Canadian government launched an active electronic immigration Essay

Canadian government launched an active electronic immigration recruitment system called Express Entry - Essay Example This is particularly in view of the fact that the local labor market needs need to be met under the various programs that guide the immigration recruitment system. The Canadian Express Entry system works by ranking potential immigrants and then selecting the top ranked individuals to apply for a visa. The first step is for the potential immigrants eligible for any of the economic immigration systems to apply. After application the potential immigrants are ranked based on values such as age, education level, workplace experience, language, marital status, and even the core human capital factors that can be identifiable from the individual. These factors account for a maximum of around 500 points. Additionally, there are an extra 100 points for the ease by which the potential immigrant can transfer the skills. Finally, the system allocates around 600 points for any pre-existing employment offer from a Canadian organization or even an appointment from a Canadian institution. Overall, this means that a candidate can get a maximum of about 1200 points, and the system then invites the highest ranking individuals to apply for permanent residency. From the above, it can be noted that a major advantage of this system is that it measures eligibility on account of a candidate’s skills and experience. This is highly advantageous as it ensures that the immigrants can easily fit into the corporate system and eventually improve the economy through their input (Simpson et al. 2015, pp. 141). Moreover, there is no cap on the number of candidates to be admitted since it bases the selection on merit. This results in only the best being allowed through the system. On the other hand, a major disadvantage is that the system is somewhat discriminatory in nature, only allowing the highest ranking individuals the ability to apply (Simpson et al. 2015, pp. 199). While the previous system was based on a first come first processed basis, the express entry system treats each

Social security Tax Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Social security Tax - Term Paper Example The ultimate beneficiary of tax collections are the masses who are given services like quality health services, public schooling, safety and security, cleaner neighborhood, better road and other infrastructural developments. Thus, it can be said that the government uses the people’s money and put it into use that can be translated into better facilities for them. One such taxation is that of social security taxation, the proceeds of which are pooled into to provide old-age benefits, pensions, child health and unemployed. Thus, the key beneficiaries of this kind of taxation are the most vulnerable classes of the society. This paper will shed light on the whole system of social security taxation, its pros and cons and its efficiency in fulfilling its intended purpose. In order to clarify the present day social security system it is imperative to study its evolution over time. The concept of social security was pioneered in 1935 when the American association for Social security led by Abraham Epstein coined the word social security. The actual payments were started in the January of 1937 as retirement funds. However these were only given to the primary working member of the family. It was only in 1939 when the survivors benefit for spouses and children were introduced. With time, more benefits were added to the scope of social security for example, benefits for the disabled were initiated in 1956 and it was followed by a major milestone in the year 1965, when the congress signed the social security law to add medical care to its portfolio of benefits. In order to ensure that people pay this kind of taxation for their own good in the long run, social security number was issued. These numbers became the basis of identification after some time and was used by the civil service commission and revenue boards by 1962. In the United States, the social

Evaluation of film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluation of film - Essay Example This paper will evaluate the movie and its themes which talk about many emotional, moral, and deep decisions and thoughts. The Dark Knight is considered to be a masterpiece created by Nolan. The 2 hours long journey depicts an amazing story which is surrounded with the absolutely thoughtful creation of Nolan’s work. With powerful marketing and plenty of moral messages in the film, it proved to be one of the biggest blockbusters of all time. The strong story leads to how the hero can often be in moral and emotional trouble and how decision making can be made tough as there’s a thin line between the good and evil. The role of the Joker is that of a ruthless villain, he cares for nothing and no one, not even himself. His character is the one which keeps reminding Batman that there are no rules to the game. He creates chaos everywhere, likes to question everything, and pushes everyone to extremes. He is unpredictable and unreasonable, and he doesn’t have any planned goals except to cause destruction and chaos. The Joker is not seen as any other villain. Throughout the movie, he gives the audience the belief that he is just someone who is coming out of his personal space. Not only does he not have any plans or goals, but he doesn’t even define to the moral code of criminals. This character has no values. Even though the character of the Joker is very influential and makes the movie complete, the character of Batman isn’t ignorable. Batman is strong and masculine; he never gives in to his inner urges. He is seen in a tough position when he has to fight a man who has no rules or values. However, he refuses to take the wrong path which would lead him to the Joker and rather maintains his own moral code. Batman does not believe in killing the criminals, instead he brings them to justice. Thus, even when the Joker is standing in front of him shouting ‘kill me’, Batman does not break his moral code which costs him his capture. The fight

Reflective writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflective writing - Essay Example However, the transparent scarf does not entirely cover the other one beneath it. The fact that she is able to wear her own shoes without modification seems illogical. The student feels disgruntled, since hospital rules only allow these items and the â€Å"theatre suits† to be worn within the hospital. The fact that surgeons and other members of the medical staff often come in and out of the hospital without changing their clothes - and without being challenged – is, in her opinion, discriminatory and carries a risk of infection. In order to understand her feelings and to see if they are justified, it is necessary to reflect on the contributory factors. They fall into three categories [1] religious [2] surgical [3] integration. RELIGIOUS BELIEFS In the first place the Quran does not require a muslim woman to wear the hijab [headscarf] (Syed, 2001), the idea of compulsion generally derives from family or social pressures. Yet, even in muslim countries some 30-40 years ago women frequently went out unveiled as they did in the UK to show their emancipation (Johnson, 2007). Five years ago, however, almost every muslim woman wore a headscarf; this time to display allegiances – pride in their heritage and ethnicity.

Evaluation of film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluation of film - Essay Example This paper will evaluate the movie and its themes which talk about many emotional, moral, and deep decisions and thoughts. The Dark Knight is considered to be a masterpiece created by Nolan. The 2 hours long journey depicts an amazing story which is surrounded with the absolutely thoughtful creation of Nolan’s work. With powerful marketing and plenty of moral messages in the film, it proved to be one of the biggest blockbusters of all time. The strong story leads to how the hero can often be in moral and emotional trouble and how decision making can be made tough as there’s a thin line between the good and evil. The role of the Joker is that of a ruthless villain, he cares for nothing and no one, not even himself. His character is the one which keeps reminding Batman that there are no rules to the game. He creates chaos everywhere, likes to question everything, and pushes everyone to extremes. He is unpredictable and unreasonable, and he doesn’t have any planned goals except to cause destruction and chaos. The Joker is not seen as any other villain. Throughout the movie, he gives the audience the belief that he is just someone who is coming out of his personal space. Not only does he not have any plans or goals, but he doesn’t even define to the moral code of criminals. This character has no values. Even though the character of the Joker is very influential and makes the movie complete, the character of Batman isn’t ignorable. Batman is strong and masculine; he never gives in to his inner urges. He is seen in a tough position when he has to fight a man who has no rules or values. However, he refuses to take the wrong path which would lead him to the Joker and rather maintains his own moral code. Batman does not believe in killing the criminals, instead he brings them to justice. Thus, even when the Joker is standing in front of him shouting ‘kill me’, Batman does not break his moral code which costs him his capture. The fight

Joyce’s novel Essay Example for Free

Joyce’s novel Essay The novels Mrs. Dalloway and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, written by Virginia Woolf and James Joyce respectively, are tales of persons who are challenged by the society in which they live. The roles traditionally handed down to men and women become elements of restraint for many of the characters within the stories. While convention dictates the actions that the characters should perform, the readers get the impression that the authors are in opposition to these traditions. Throughout the day spent with Mrs. Dalloway and her friends, situations arise in which characters become critical of others’ choices in a way that depicts the ideas of the narrator or author. Likewise, in the experiences of Stephen Dedalus and the other characters of Joyce’s novel, one finds that they often desire to perform actions alien to the stereotypical roles of their genders. In these novels, therefore, we find that there is no apparent desire within characters for males or females to inherit traditional gendered roles. In fact, we discover a desire to occupy a multi-gendered identity. This is important because it gestures at an identity separate from societal construction of gender. Hermione Lee relates that Virginia Woolf sought a â€Å"combination of sensibility and tenacity† in her work (xvii). This suggests a similar mixing of feminine and masculine qualities with which she imbues several of her characters in Mrs. Dalloway. Clarissa Dalloway has become a woman who ostensibly fits perfectly within the role societally configured for her gender. She is the wife of a statesman and the mother of a beautiful daughter. She throws fine parties and does the traditional female jobs of overseeing the servants, visiting the sick, and other things. Yet, Woolf appears immediately to intimate to the reader the undesirability of all this tradition to Clarissa herself, as she is seen at the outset of the novel going on an errand that should normally have been reserved for her servants. Her desire for independence is asserted in the first sentence, â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself (Woolf 1). Though this rebellion is a small one and is buried in the guise of â€Å"womanly† work (going to buy flowers), the commercial aspect of it places her in the position of a business person, just as the errand frees her from the confines of the home. On this walk she thinks of Peter Walsh, a man with whom she once shared her passions for literature and freedom. Her thoughts and desires break through conventions that dictate the subservience of women. She considers marriage in a way that seems alien to its constitution, as she imbues her role in it with the type of independence that one does not usually find in the traditional view of marriage. She explains that her decision against marrying Peter was made because â€Å"In marriage a little licence, a little independence there must be between people living together day in day out in the same house; which Richard gave her, and she him† (Woolf 5). This demonstrates the extent to which she desires not to be subsumed by her husband as women often are in marriages. Continuing, she thinks, â€Å"When it came to that scene in the little garden by the fountain, she had to break with him [Peter] or they would have been destroyed, both of them ruined, she was convinced† (6). This tells what she considers her life would have been like with Peter. She seeks to add a portion of masculinity to her role by keeping something of herself and continuing to show herself to the world—a right that is usually granted without reservation to married men, but tacitly withheld from women of that time. Clarissa continues to demonstrate her inner tendencies to throw off the traditional gender role and to fulfill her political and occupational dreams. During that time in England, women’s occupations were limited to household-related chores. She considers other women who had lived non-traditional lives, and longs to have her life to live again so she could make different choices. The first of those choices would have granted her an occupation that would defy her gender. The narrator assures us that Clarissa Dalloway â€Å"would have been, like Lady Bexborough, slow and stately; rather large; interested in politics like a man; with a country house; very dignified, very sincere† (Woolf 8). The use of the phrase â€Å"like a man† is telling, in that it highlights the extent to which Mrs. Dalloway longs to be released from the confines of her sex. She wants to be endowed with the possibilities that attend a man. Also telling is her desire to be â€Å"very sincere† (8). Sincerity is not a trait that has been traditionally accorded to women, as they were encouraged to keep their thoughts to themselves (or perhaps not to have any at all). Therefore, a woman with any ideas or opinions can be considered to have been somewhat forced into insincerity by their very act of subordination to the will of their husband and in their pretence at never having anything to say beyond remarks about the running of the household. Clarissa’s urge to speak sincerely demonstrates her desire to combine traditionally masculine qualities with her feminine ones.

Buying decision process and Sony overview

Buying decision process and Sony overview Sony was founded in 1946 in Tokyo to be a new revolution in the world of communications and technology, was able to progress throughout her career innovative products added all the new and useful to the lives of millions of people, Sony is one of the best companies in the worlds leading manufacturer of Audio Video In addition to excellence in the areas of technology and development of industry computer laptops and mobile phones It is well known for many fans and viewers of the technical world of electronics Since it was founded in May 1946 and to this day continues to Sony in its bid submission to the infinite and well-being and comfort of all categories of consumers through a variety of high-quality products. We may need a lot of pages to talk about Sony and its history of achievements, which had said the welfare of peoples lives But the company is well known by its fans and clients and its products is almost devoid of any where in the house Acquire products and all categories of people and on a different level of consumer In this report we will learn on one of the excellent products, which is a high-quality TV set in terms of purity and clarity of image and sound What makes this product the perfect choice for those who wish to enjoy watching favorite programs with all the comfort that it is not only a high quality product in terms of the characteristics contained in But several of the most important aspects of it available to consumers at a competitive price is almost unmatched by any other product on the market And where the decision to purchase is the most important decisions of interest to any organization interested in studying the market and the marketing of their products we will discuss in some important details about. INTRODUCTION TO SONY TV SET This offer is available at all Sony stores, and customers would enjoy 10% discount if they buy online from our web site www.sony.com Also we offer free delivering and one year guarantee Facilities for payment by installments with the possibility of payment in installments over two years 60 inch LX900 Series 3D Full HD BRAVIA LCD TV High frame rate LCDs with a frame sequential display, Sony makes it possible to watch Full HD 3D quality video on 3D compatible BRAVIA LCD TVs. This technology involves alternately transmitting images for the left eye and right eye to the screen. When viewed through the active shutter glasses, the two separate images on the shutter glasses are synchronized with the onscreen image with their Full HD quality intact and precisely transmitted to the viewers eyes. The high-quality super-fine Full HD 3D images deliver unprecedented reality and presence. This offer includes loudspeakers and a DVD Player which makes the user feels Like a home cinema Features: LCD size: 60(152cm), 16:9 TV system: digital: dvb-t analog Display resolution: full HD 1080 (1920 x 1080) Buyer behavior decision-making process How do customers buy? Customers go through a five-stage decision-making process in any purchase. This is summarized in the diagram below: This model is important for anyone making marketing decisions. It forces the marketer to consider the whole buying process rather than just the purchase decision (when it may be too late for a business to influence the choice!) The model implies that customers pass through all stages in every purchase. However, in more routine purchases, customers often skip or reverse some of the stages. For example, a student buying a favorite hamburger would recognize the need (hunger) and go right to the purchase decision, skipping information search and evaluation. However, the model is very useful when it comes to understanding any purchase that requires some thought and deliberation. The buying process starts with need recognition. At this stage, the buyer recognizes a problem or need (e.g. I am hungry, I need a new TV set, I have a headache) or responds to a marketing stimulus (e.g. you pass Sony store and are attracted by a big screen showing a football match or an action movie and). An aroused customer then needs to decide how much information (if any) is required. If the need is strong and there is a product or service that meets the need close to hand, then a purchase decision is likely to be made there and then. If not, then the process of information search begins. A customer can obtain information from several sources: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Personal sources: family, friends, neighbors etc à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Commercial sources: advertising; salespeople; retailers; dealers; packaging; point-of-sale displays à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Public sources: newspapers, radio, television, consumer organizations; specialist magazines à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Experiential sources: handling, examining, using the product The usefulness and influence of these sources of information will vary by product and by customer. Customers value and respect personal sources more than commercial sources (the influence of word of mouth). The challenge for the marketing team is to identify which information sources are most influential in their target markets. In the evaluation stage, the customer must choose between the alternative brands, products and services. How can the customer benefit from the information? An important determinant of the extent of evaluation is whether the customer feels involved in the product. By involvement, we mean the degree of perceived relevance and personal importance that accompanies the choice. Where a purchase is highly involving, the customer is likely to carry out extensive evaluation. High-involvement purchases include those involving high expenditure or personal risk for example buying a house, a TV set or making investments. Low involvement purchases (e.g. buying a soft drink, choosing some breakfast cereals in the supermarket) have very simple evaluation processes. Why should a marketer need to understand the customer evaluation process? The answer lies in the kind of information that the marketing team needs to provide customers in different buying situations. In high-involvement decisions, the marketer needs to provide a good deal of information about the positive consequences of buying. The sales force may need to stress the important attributes of the product, the advantages compared with the competition; and maybe even encourage trial or sampling of the product in the hope of securing the sale. Post-purchase evaluation Cognitive Dissonance The final stage is the post-purchase evaluation of the decision. It is common for customers to experience concerns after making a purchase decision. This arises from a concept that is known as cognitive dissonance. The customer, having bought a product, may feel that an alternative would have been preferable. In these circumstances that customer will not repurchase immediately, but is likely to switch brands next time. To manage the post-purchase stage, it is the job of the marketing team to persuade the potential customer that the product will satisfy his or her needs. Then after having made a purchase, the customer should be encouraged that he or she has made the right decision. Factors affecting buying decision Possible influences on the decision process Personal influences Demographic Situational Involvement Psychological influences Perception Motives Attitudes Personality Social influences Roles and family Reference groups Social classes Culture and subcultures Personal factors: Is one that is unique to a particular person? It can influence purchasing decision In this section we discuss three categories which are demographic, situational, and level of involvement factors. Demographic factors: Such as age, sex, race, ethnic, origin, income, family life-cycle, and occupation Demographic factors have a bearing on who is involved in family decision making. For example, its estimated that by 2010 the Middle East and North African countries. Will have the largest market for TV sets because of more new apartments built for old men who is getting married that means more opportunities to sell wide number of TV sets . Men with age between 25 and 35 are know to have more influence in buying decision process for furniture and other equipments when they are starting furnishing their new apartments with all Necessities. Another example is a persons age and income may affect the number and types of information sources used and the amount of time devoted to seeking information. Demographic factors also affect to which a person uses products in a specific product category. Consumers in the 20 to 45 age group are more interested in buying new technology such as this TV set with high definition image specially those who get high income they find it easy to buy a new TV set even if the old one still in a good shape or condition . Here Sony set plans how to attract those potential consumers in term of marketing mix focusing how to set prices and Situational factors: Are the external circumstances or conditions that exist when a consumer is making a purchase decision. Sometimes a consumer engages in buying decision-making as a result of unexpected situation. For example, a person may hurriedly buy a TV set to watch the world cup 2010 or owner of a coffee shop try to attract more customers by offering them watching their favorite teams in the world cup or Olympic Games just two or three days before it starts or sometimes during that occasions. Yet in other circumstances the same individual might spend many weeks shopping around for a discount or any offer available. Situational factors can influence a consumers actions during any stage of the buying process. The time available to make decision is a situational factor that strongly influences consumer buying decision. If there is a little time for selecting and purchasing the TV set, a person may make a quick choice and purchase a readily available brand. Level of involvement: Many aspects of consumer buying decisions are affected by the individuals level of involvement; it determines why he or she is motivated to seek information about this product and brand but virtually ignores others. The extensiveness of the buying decision process varies greatly with the consumers level of involvement. The sequence of the steps in this process may also be altered. Low-involvement buyers may form an attitude about this product and evaluate its features after purchasing it rather than before. Conversely, high-involvement buyers spend much time and effort researching their purchase beforehand. Such TV set is a product that undergoes a great deal of investigation before they are chosen. Psychological factors influencing the buying decision process Operating within individuals partly determine peoples general behavior and thus influence their behavior as consumers. Perception Different people perceive the same thing at the same time in different ways. Similarly, the same individual at different times may perceive the same product in a number of ways. Perception is the process information inputs are the sensations received through sight, hearing, and touch the product. Perception is a three-step process. Although consumers receive numerous pieces of information at once, only a few of them reach awareness. They select certain inputs and ignore many others because they do not have the ability to be conscious of every input at the same time. This phenomenon is sometimes called selective exposure because they select inputs that are to be exposed to their awareness. For example if they are concentrating reading this paragraph, they probably are not aware that car outside making noise, that the light is on, or that they are touching this book. Even though they are receiving these inputs, they ignore them until they are mentioned. For example a person hoping to buy this TV set is likely to watch an advertisement containing TV set information. An input is likely to reach awareness if the information helps satisfy current needs. If the intensity of an input changes significantly, the input is more likely to reach awareness. When a store manager reduces a price slightly, they may not notice because the change is not significant, but if the manager cuts the price in half, they are much more likely to recognize the reduction. Motives Is an internal energizing force that directs activities towards satisfying a need or achieving a goal. Motivation is the set of mechanisms for controlling movement toward goals. A buyers action at any time is affected by a set of motives rather than by just one. At a single point in time, some motives in the set have priority, but the priorities of motives vary from one time to another. For example, a persons motives for having this TV set when not having a TV set rather than if having an old TV set. Motivation also affects the direction and intensity of behavior. Individuals must choose which goals to pursue at a particular time. A buyer may use a particular shop because of such patronage motives as price, service, location, honesty, product variety, or friendliness of salespeople. Thats why Sony marketers should try to determine why regular customers patronize a store and then emphasis these characteristics in the stores marketing mix. The marketing department should do researching by asking group of people for example what motivates them, why they keep buying that brand even if they know that brand is not as good quality as Sony. Keep researching what motivates them by other brands and what are motives of other brands. Ability and knowledge Individuals vary in their ability, their competence and efficiency in performing tasks. One ability of inters to marketers is an individuals capacity to learn. Learning refers to changes in a persons behavior caused by information and experience. The consequence of behavior strongly influences the learning process. Behavior that results in satisfying consequences tends to be repeated. For example, when a consumer buys a TV set and likes it, he or she is more likely to advise friends or relatives to buy the same TV set with the same brand he/she bought. In fact, the individual will probably continue to purchase that brand until it longer provides satisfaction. But when the affects of the behavior are no longer satisfying, the person will switch to a different brand. This is very important for marketers in SONY Company to keep searching for reasons that makes individuals satisfied with this product related to the marketing mix. Buyers when making purchasing decisions, have to process information. Individuals have differing abilities in this regard. For example, when purchasing this TV set , a well-educated potential buyer who has experience with technology and good brands available in the market may be able to read, comprehend, and synthesis the considerable quantities of information in technical brochures for various competing brands. On the other hand, another buyer with more limited abilities may be incapable of performing this task and will have to rely on information obtained from advertisements or from a sales representative of a particular brand. Here SONY marketers should offer all informations that attract different levels of people, and choose smart advertisements that introduce the product, and its benefits. Inexperienced buyers use different types of information from more experienced shoppers who are familiar with the product and purchase situation. Inexperienced buyers use price as an indicator of quality more frequently than buyers who have some knowledge of a particular product category. So sources of information are different, while buyers with expertise are more confidence to compare and find direct information related to the product, consumers who lack expertise may seek the advice of others making a purchase or take a long a friend. Marketers should be aware of what general consumer back ground of the company and its products, while some consumers think SONY is quite expensive others believe that SONY has the best quality and so on, here SONY have to create the best tools of providing positive information and knowledge for those Attitude Refers to knowledge and positive or negative feelings about the product. The acts towards which consumers have attitudes may be tangible or intangible, living or non-living. An individual learns attitudes through experience and interaction with other people. Just as attitudes are learned, they can be also changed. An individuals attitudes remain generally stable and do not change from moment to moment. Likewise, at any one time, a persons attitudes do not all have equal impact; some are stronger than others. Consumer attitudes towards a firm and its products greatly influence the success or failure of the firms marketing strategy. When consumers have strong negative attitudes towards one or more aspects of a firms marketing practices, they may not only stop using the firms product but also urge their relatives and friends to do likewise. For example, one of SONY stores in NORTH AFRICA is was not trusted by wide range of customers because of unfair prices related to other branches in the MIDDEL EAST countries, consumers in those countries does not know that was not SONY company, so the image of SONY was affected in that area, and sales started to flow down because of that big mistake by the company who was representing SONY company in NORTH AFRICA. Marketers in SONY should always measure consumers attitudes towards prices, package design, the brand name, advertisements, salespeople, services after sale, stores locations, features of the product, and also social responsibility activities. Several methods can help gauge these attitudes. One of the simplest ways is to question people directly. Asking about the consumer satisfaction about the TV set, are they satisfied with quality and the price, knowing the feedback of consumers, and keep going determining the positive and negative points , to check the performance of all steps involved while marketing the product, trying to attract more consumers by studying their attitudes. Personality Includes all the internal traits and behaviors that make a person unique. Each persons unique personality arises from both heredity and personal experience. Personalities are typically describes as having one or more characteristics, such as compulsiveness, ambitiousness, gregariousness, dogmatism, authoritarianism, introversion, extroversion, aggressiveness, competitiveness. Here should attempt to find relationships among such characteristics and buying behavior. Even though a few links between several personality characteristics and buyer behavior have been determined, the results of many studies have been inconclusive. Some researchers see the apparently weak association between personality and buying behavior as due to unreliable measures rather than a lack of relationship. A number of marketers are convinced that a consumers personality does influence the types and brands of products purchased. For example the type TV set brand that a person buys may reflect one or more personality characteristics. At times, SONY aim advertising campaigns at general types of personalities. In doing so, they use positively valued personality characteristics, such as gregariousness, independence, or competitiveness. Most products promoted this way. Social factors influencing the buying decision process The forces that other people exert on buying behavior. Roles and family influences Every person occupies position within groups, organizations, and institutions. Associated with each position is a role. A set of actions and activities that a person in a particular position is supposed to perform, based on the expectations of both the individual and surrounding persons. Because people occupy numerous positions, they also have many roles. For example, a man may perform the roles of son, wife, father, employee or employer, civic organization member, and student in an evening class. Thus are several sets of expectations placed on each persons behavior. An individuals roles influence both general behavior and buying behavior. The demands of a persons role may be inconsistent and confusing. To illustrate, assume that the man mentioned above is thinking about buying this TV set. While he wants this TV set to enjoy watching world news or football games, his children want to watch cartoons or connect the screen to play station and play games. His wife wants him to delay the TV set purchase until next month. A colleague at work insists that he should buy a particular brand, known for high quality. Thus an individuals buying behavior is partially affected by input and opinions of family and friends. Family roles related directly to purchase decisions. The male head of household is likely to be involved heavily in the purchase of this product. Deciding if its the right time to purchase or not. Although female roles have changed, women still make buying decisions related to many household items. Husbands and wives participate jointly in the purchase of products, especially durable goods such this TV set. Some young men aged 25 to 35 who is getting married in summer season; their brand loyalty can be quite changeable. In this case marketers in SONY frequently promote for such product during holidays to catch this hard to reach group at time when they are more receptive to a promotional message. When two or more family members participate in a purchase, their roles may dictate each is responsible for performing certain tasks: initiating the idea, gathering information, deciding whether to buy this TV set, or selecting another brand. Thats why marketers need to be aware of how roles affect buying behavior. To develop a marketing mix that precisely meets the needs of the target market, and they must know not only who does the actual buying, but also what other roles influence the purchase. Because sex roles are changing so rapidly, they must ensure that information is current and accurate. Reference groups A group becomes a reference group when an individual identifies with it so much that he or she takes on many of the values, attitudes, or behavior of group members. The person who views a group as a reference group may or may not know the actual size of the group. Most people have several reference groups, such as families, friends, religious, civic, and professional organizations. A group can be negative reference group for an individual. Someone may have been a part of a specific group at one time but later rejected its values and members. One can also specifically take action to avoid a particular group. A reference group may serve as a point of comparison and a source of information for an individual. A customers behavior may change to be more in line with the actions and beliefs of a group member. For example, a person might stop buying one brand of TV set and switch to SONY on the advice of members of the reference group. Generally, the more conspicuous the product, the more likely it is that the brand decision will be reference group. This days reference groups plays a big role affecting the buying decision, specially in advertising and the way the company choose to promote for the product, it was a very successful experience when SONY do a smart advertisement for its products specially TV screens, a lot of consumers enjoyed watching the Brazilian football player RECARDO KAKA doing the advertisement, he attracted a lot of customers, even who dont watch football matches. Social classes Within all societies, people rank others into higher or lower positions of respect. This ranking results in social classes. A social class is an open group of individuals who have similar social rank. A class referred to as open because people can move into and out of it. The criteria for grouping people into classes vary from one society to another. In western countries, many factors are taken into account, including occupation, education, income, wealth, race, ethnic group, and possession. In some countries like Arabic countries, wealth and income are more important than education and occupation in determining social classes. A person is ranking someone does not necessarily apply all of societys criteria. The number and the importance of the factors chosen depend on the characteristics of the individual being ranked and the values of the person who is doing the ranking. Social class influence many aspects. For example, it affects childhood training, choice of religion, selection of occupation, and how people spend their time. Because social class has a bearing on so many aspects of a persons life, it also affect buying decisions, for example, upper-class seem to prefer luxury automobiles such as the BMW and MERCEDES-BENZ, which symbolize their status, income, and financial comfort. Thos upper-class would buy TV set with the latest technologies available which is full HD screens and 3D with 60ince size with all the accessories, they like to make it like a home cinema they might spend large amount of money to buy such a TV set. Culture and subculture Is everything in surroundings that is made by human beings. It consists of tangible items, and intangible concepts, such as education, welfare, and laws. Culture also includes the values and wide range of behaviors that are acceptable within a specific society. Are learned and passed on from one generation to the next. Culture influences buying behavior because it permeates daily lives. It determines what people wear, eat, where to live and travel. It also influences how people buy and use products and the satisfaction gained from them. While some countries spend a lot of time watching TV , others might spend much time surfing the internet, so culture determines how TV purchased and used, it in turn affects all the marketing mix, promotion, distribution, and pricing of the product. Marketing mix The Market Mix (often referred to as the 4-Ps) Refers to the unique blend of marketing Elements designed to meet the needs of the Organizations target market. The Marketing Mix consists of the organizations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Product à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Price à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Promotion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Distribution (Place) Understanding how to position the market offering Putting the right product in the right place, at the right price, at the right time. We already have created a TV set that is a particularly group of customers wants, now we put it on sale in a place that those same customers visit regularly, and price it at a level which matches the value they feel they get out of it; and do all that at a time they want to buy. Theres a lot of truth in this idea. However, a lot of hard work needs to go into finding out what customers want, and identifying where they do their shopping. Then we need to figure out how to produce the item at a price that represents value to them, and get it all to come together at the critical time. The marketing mix is a good place to start when we are thinking through our plans for this TV set, and it helps avoid any kind of mistakes. The marketing mix and the 4 Ps of marketing are often used as synonyms for each other. In fact, they are not necessarily the same thing. Marketing mix is a general phrase used to describe the different kinds of choices organizations have to make in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market. The 4 Ps is one way. A good way to understand the 4 Ps is by the questions that we need to ask to define marketing mix. Here are some questions that will help you understand and define each of the four elements: Product What does the customer want from the product/service? What needs does it satisfy? What features does it have to meet these needs? Are there any features weve missed out? Are we including costly features that the customer wont actually use? How and where will the customer use it? What does it look like? How will customers experience it? What size(s), color(s), and so on, should it be? What is it to be called? How is it branded? How is it differentiated versus your competitors? What is the most it can cost to provide, and still be sold sufficiently profitably? (See also Price, below). Place Where do buyers look for this product? If they look in a store, what kind? A specialist boutique or in a supermarket, or both? Or online? Or direct, via a catalogue? How can you access the right distribution channels? Do you need to use a sales force? Or attend trade fairs? Or make online submissions? Or send samples to catalogue companies? What does competitors do, and how can we learn from that and/or differentiate? Price What is the value of the product to the buyer? Are there established price points for the product in this area? Is the customer price sensitive? Will a small decrease in price gain extra market share? Or will a small increase be indiscernible, and so gain extra profit margin? What discounts should be offered to trade customers, or to other specific segments of your market? How will the price compare competitors? Promotion Where and when can we get across marketing messages to target market? Will we reach audience by advertising in the press, or on TV, or radio, or on billboards? By using direct marketing mail shot? On the Internet? When is the best time to promote? Is there seasonality in the market? Are there any wider environmental issues that suggest or dictate the timing of market launch, or the timing of subsequent promotions? How do competitors do their promotions? And how does that influence your choice of promotional activity? The 4Ps model is just one of many marketing mix lists that have been developed over the years. And, whilst the questions listed above are the key, they are just a subset of the detailed probing that may be required to optimize marketing mix. Amongst the other marketing mix models have been developed over the years is Boom and Banters 7Ps, sometimes called the extended marketing mix, which include the first 4 Ps, plus people, processes and physical layout decisions. Another marketing mix approach is Lautenbergs 4Cs, which presents the elements of the marketing mix from the buyers, rather than the sellers, perspective. It is made up of Customer needs and wants (the equivalent of product), Cost (price), Convenience (place) and Communication (promotion). In

Kazakhstan’s Most Problematic Factor for Doing Business Essay -- educat

In the period of globalization today Kazakhstan is known as a competitive and pressing towards to be economically developed country, due to its determination and activeness in the world area of global problems. The world economic forum report on global competitiveness for 2012-2013 shows that Kazakhstan is appreciated as ready for competitiveness and it has taken 51 position from 126 ones, which is actually reputable result for such country like Kazakhstan. The country is ahead from Russian Federation and India 16 and 8 positions respectively, which is also unquestionably perfect development, providing that GDP of these countries is 9 times greater than Kazakhstan’s GDP. The report for competitiveness represents that Kazakhstan’s most problematic factor for doing business is inadequately educated workforce, which was the first consequence for Kazakhstan to invest money in education. As state program of education development for 2011-2020 illustrates, one of the main priorities in â€Å"Kazakhstan-2030† strategy is going to be an education. Education is acknowledged for Kazakhstan as precondition of economic success and as the important role in entering to the club of the most competitive 30 countries in the world, which is mentioned in â€Å"Kazakhstan-2050† strategy. In major educational policy documents, the expressions such as ‘to create a competitive national education system’, or ‘to foster innovation and create a productive basis for a modern, competitive economy’ is referred as education purpose. The Europe-2020 strategy key point is human capital and its significance in an economic development. T he World Bank’s Education Strategy 2020 entitled ‘Learning for all: Investing in people’s knowledge and skills to promote development’ is f... ..., International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System." Soviet Union (former) Education, Health, and Welfare - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System. The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2013. Volkov, Michael. "Corruption, Crime & Compliance." Corruption Crime Compliance. Adrian Dayton&Company, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2013. "The Report and EFA | Education | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization." The Report and EFA | Education | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. UNESCO, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2013. Markowitz, Eric. "Bill Gates: Education System Needs More Entrepreneurs BY Eric Markowitz." Inc.com. MANSUETO VENTURES, 7 Mar. 2013. Web. 03 Dec. 2013.

Home Depot vs. Lowes Essay -- Compare Contrast Home Improvement Essays

Home Depot vs. Lowes The Home Depot Company Introduction Home Depot company offer a wide range of merchandise and services, and serve three primary customer groups: do-it-yourself customers, do-it-for-me customers and professional customers. A classic Home Depot store stocks approximately 40,000 to 50,000 product items, including variations in color and size. Major product groups include building materials, lumber plumbing, electrical and kitchen; hardware and seasonal, and paint, flooring and wall coverings. To balance the national brand name products it offers, the Company has formed strategic associations with vendor partners to market products under brand names that are only offered through The Home Depot. â€Å"As of fiscal year-end 2001, the Company offered products under more than 30 proprietary and other exclusive brands, including Thomasville kitchen and bathroom cabinets; RIDGID power tools; Behr Premium Plus paint; Mill's Pride cabinets; GE SmartWater water heaters, and Vigoro fertilizer.† ("The Home Depot", 2004) â€Å"Founded in 1978, in Atlanta, Georgia, The Home Depot is the world's largest home improvement retailer currently operating 1,800 stores, including 1,649 Home Depot stores, 50 EXPO Design Centers, one Floor Store and three HD Landscape Supply stores in the United States, 84 Home Depot stores in seven Canadian provinces, seven Home Depot stores in Puerto Rico and ten in Mexico.† The company reported employees approximately 280,000 people. Business Description / Strategic Analysis The Home Depot is recognized as being the leader in the home improvement retail industry by combining the economies of scale inherent in a warehouse format with a level of customer service unparalleled among warehouse-style retailers. ("Home Depot to", 1999) Each Home Depot store stocks approximately 40,000 to 50,000 different kinds of building materials, home improvement supplies and lawn and garden products. New Home Depot stores in the U.S. and Canada range from 114,000 square feet with an additional 20,000 square foot garden center. The stores have a design center staffed by specialized designers who offer free in-store consultation for home enhancement projects ranging from lighting to computer-assisted design for kitchens and bathrooms. Home Depot offers installation services of select products ranging from single-items such as carpet to mor... ...oro, North Carolina: Custom Publication. Norman, A. (2004, Jan). A Citizen's View of Home Depot. Retrieved Feb 12, 2005, from http://www.sprawl-busters.com/hometown.htm Our Heritage. (2005, Jan). In Lowe's - A Company Understood. Retrieved Feb 12, 2005, from http://www.lowes.com/lkn?action=frameSet&url=vocuspr.vocus.com/VocusPR30/DotNet/Newsroom/Query.aspx%253FSiteName=Lowes%2526Entity=PRAsset%2526PublishType=Company+Background%2526Title=Company+Overview%2526XSL=CompanyBackground%2526Cache=True Reimers, Jane L. (2003). Financial Accounting A Business Process Application. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Prentice Hall. Securities and Exchange Commission. (2000). Retrieved Feb 19, 2005, from http://sec.gov The Home Depot Company (2004). The Home Depot Company 2004 Annual Review. Atlanta, Georgia: Custom Publication. Home Depot to Implement Cornerstone's Java Technology-based Point-of-Sale Software. (1999, Jan). Retrieved Feb 19, 2005, from http://www.360commerce.com/article.php?article=342§ion=1&tid=77 The Home Depot Report Record First Quarter 2004 Earnings. (2004, Mar 18). Retrieved Feb 19, 2005, from http://ir.homedepot.com/ReleaseDetail.cfm?ReleaseID=135414&ShSect=E

Garrity Warnings: To Give or Not to Give, That Is the Question Essay

         Garrity warnings are applicable during internal investigations which are being carried against law enforcement officers to ascertain allegations which have been laid against the officers. Under the Garrity Warning principle, the statements or testimonials by officers which are made during the investigations cannot be used against the officers in case there are criminal trials that have been instigated against the officer. There have been different cases where the principle of Garrity has been applied to determine whether officers are guilty of crimes or not guilty. One of the cases where the Garrity principle was applied is the case of McKinley v. City of Mansfield, 404 F.3d 418 (2005). In this case, there are various facts, and decisions which were made as follows: Facts            McKinley was a police officer when the police department conducted an internal investigation on its administration for all the officers (Eric, December 2012). All officers were put through an interview whereby they were all under the Garrity principle that said that their statement would not be used for the purpose of prosecution (Eric, December 2012). McKinley lied during the first interview. This prompted the investigator to conduct a second interview with McKinley, but after informing him of the allegations against him and also about the Garrity warning principle. McKinley admitted to have lied in the first interview and this brought about the case against him of lying (Eric, December 2012).               McKinley was informed by the investigating officer that he was being interviewed for the second time following allegations that he had provided untruthful answers during the first interview that was conducted (Eric, December 2012). Upon the completion of the second interview, the investigating officer turned in the statements made by McKinley as well as the findings that had been made during the two interviews to the prosecution for the purpose of prosecuting McKinley. Based on the findings of the investigation, McKinley was terminated but later reinstated to his former position with a back pay as well as benefits based on the collective bargain that was reached under arbitration (Eric, December 2012). Finally, McKinley was charged in court with falsification of information as well as obstruction of the official operations and business of the police department. Decision             When McKinley was charged in court, and made a motion to suppress the statements that he had made from being bused against him in the court of law. The judges declined the request and allowed the use of these statements. Based on the investigation findings and the statements which had been made by McKinley, he was convicted of the crimes brought against him (Eric, December 2012). The appellate court vacated the convictions against McKinley based on the view that the department knew that the statements by McKinley were based on the principle of Garrity hence inadmissible. The resulting action was that McKinley decided to instigate charges against the City of Mansfield as well as the investigating officers and certain police officials within the department (Eric, December 2012). The trial court granted a summary judgment to the defendants but the appellate court reversed part of the decision by the trial court. However, it was held that McKinley was still liable to charges against him based on the findings of the first interview.             From the case of McKinley, it is my belief that best practices were necessary in deciding this case so that there is fairness in the application of the law (Eric, December 2012). It was appropriate that the best practices were exercised in this case since there is need to uphold the law and ensure that the right of every officer is protected as well as that of the department of police. Alternative             From the above case of McKinley, it there is no alternative that would have been applicable in this case. The prosecution did not have the right to use the statements that the officer had made under the Garrity principle (Eric, December 2012). Furthermore, the investigating officer was wrong in using the second statement as part of the evidence against McKinley for the purpose of prosecuting him yet the statements were made under the Garrity warnings. The officer was right in taking action against the investigating officer as well as some of the officials in the department hence there are no alternative actions that he was supposed to take after what had transpired (Eric, December 2012). The department also did a right thing in taking him to court, but only based on the first statement from the first interview that he had to lies. Solution               The solution to the case between McKinley and the police department can be reached through an arbitration process whereby the parties can reach a common agreement. Arbitration will help retain the reputation of the department while ensuring that all the parties involved in the matter are satisfied. Conclusion            The Garrity warnings principle is an important aspect in the operations of the police department as it helps in protecting the officers. Furthermore, this principle should not be misused by the officers as a way to continue doing things which are against the law. The police department should also be very keen in the way it deals with officers under the Garrity principle. Reference Eric P. Daigle, â€Å"Garrity Warnings: To Give or Not to Give, That Is the Question,† Chief’s Counsel, The Police Chief 79 (December 2012): 12–13. Source document